37^th Global Summit on Nanoscience and Technology October 21-22, 2020 Paris, France

Biography:

Thomas Prevenslik is a retired American living in Hong Kong and Berlin. He began simple QED nanoscale heat transfer development in Hong Kong in 2010. Simple QED has nothing to do with Feynman's QED and is based on the Planck law that precludes atoms in nanostructures the heat capacity to conserve heat by temperature. Instead, heat conservation proceeds by creating size dependent standing EM radiation E inside the nanostructure. For a spherical NP, simple QED creates a quantum state E = hc/2nd, where h is Planck's constant, c the velocity of light, with n and d the refractive index and diameter of the NP.

Abstract:

Vaccine development in preventing CoVid-19 requires long development and testing time which is unacceptable because attendant lockdowns cause social unrest and potential World economic collapse. Instead of traditional vaccines, a CoVid-19 treatment of patients already tested positive is proposed using intravenous injections of lipid nanoparticles (NPs). The NP treatment includes only biodegradable lipid NPs in saline. In contrast, traditional vaccines include the inactivated virus, aluminum adjuvants, formaldehyde, antibiotics, and stabilizers, but in the bloodstream of the CoVid-19 patient, only live virus exists. UV light can inactivate the live virus, but no UV sources are known within the human body. In this regard, simple QED theory based on the Planck law claims atoms in NPs lack the heat capacity to conserve heat by an increase in temperature, and instead conserve heat from the blood into EM radiation at a wavelength depending on the NP size. e.g., 80 nm lipid NPs emit UVC (254 nm) radiation. In the manner of an in vivo vaccine, the NP treatment of UVC disinfection kills the live virus to produce the inactivated virus that acts as the antigen to elicit immunity to subsequent infection. Only lipid NPs in saline are included in the in vivo vaccine while traditional vaccine ingredients are excluded. What this means is the in vivo NP vaccine not only disinfects the patient of CoVid-19, but also prompts immunity to subsequent CoVid-19 infections. By controlling the NP dose, the UVC is held to low levels of collateral DNA damage in adjacent tissue allowing recovery by DNA repair systems

Biography:

Abdeen Mustafa Omer (BSc, MSc, PhD) is an Associate Researcher at Energy Research Institute (ERI). He obtained both his PhD degree in the Built Environment and Master of Philosophy degree in Renewable Energy Technologies from the University of Nottingham. He is qualified Mechanical Engineer with a proven track record within the water industry and renewable energy technologies. He has been graduated from University of El Menoufia, Egypt, BSc in Mechanical Engineering. His previous experience involved being a member of the research team at the National Council for Research/Energy Research Institute in Sudan and working director of research and development for National Water Equipment Manufacturing Co. Ltd., Sudan. He has been listed in the book WHO’S WHO in the World 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2010. He has published over 300 papers in peer-reviewed journals, 200 review articles, 7 books and 150 chapters in books.

Abstract:

The move towards a low-carbon, world, driven partly by climate science and partly by the business opportunities it offers, will need the promotion of environmentally friendly alternatives, if an acceptable stabilisation level of atmospheric carbon dioxide is to be achieved. This requires the harnessing and use of natural resources that produce no air pollution or greenhouse gases (GHGs) and provides comfortable coexistence of human, livestock, and plants. This communication presents a comprehensive review of energy sources, and the development of sustainable technologies to explore these energy sources. It also includes potential renewable energy technologies, efficient energy systems, energy savings techniques and other mitigation measures necessary to reduce climate changes.

Biography:

Jannu Arun Kumar has completed his B pharmacy at the age of 23 years from Sahasra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Warangal, and MS from National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad and currently pursuing his Ph.D. final year from National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati.

Abstract:

Liposomal nanodelivery targeting EphA2 receptor for sensitizing prostate cancer to enhance the efficiency of chemotherapy: The quality of life in cancer chemotherapy decreases due to adverse effects associated with chemotherapeutic drugs caused by non-specific action, immunogenicity, and reduced drug penetration. In the current study, we have fabricated Lithocholic acid tryptophan conjugate (LCAT) based liposomal nanodelivery system targeting cancer specifically through EphA2 receptors which shows an interesting feature that these receptors are highly expressed in cancer tissues, but not in normal tissues. We have encapsulated the anticancer drug niclosamide in this delivery system that has shown an average particle size of 207.8 ± 1.91 nm, a poly dispersity index of 0.384 ± 0.02, with an average Zeta potential -29.13 ± 0.7 mV and its encapsulation efficiency was 73.82 ± 1.61%. Niclosamide loaded LCAT formulations (LCAT-NIC-NPS) has shown significant cytotoxicity in EphA2 highly expressed cells (PC 3) but not in EphA2 low expressed (H4) cells. In vitro cellular uptake studies of coumarin-6 loaded LCAT formulation by flowcytometry and confocal microscopy have shown a significant increase in uptake by PC-3 cells compared to H4 cells which indicates that this delivery system is acting through EphA2 receptor. In vivo antitumor efficacy data in PC-3 xenograft reveals that LCAT-NIC-NPS has shown a significant suppression of tumor growth with a 4 fold reduction in the tumor weight and tumor volume compared to disease control. Western blotting and histopathology data reveals that it is acting via EphA2 receptors and has no toxicity on vital organs.

Biography:

Badis Bendjemil, LASEA, Department of Chemistry, University of Badji-Mokhtar, 23000 Annaba, Algeria; University of 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, 24000 Guelma, Algeria

Abstract:

During the past years, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted considerable interest since their first discovery. great progress has been made in the field of nanomaterials given their great potential in biomedical applications. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), due to their unique physicochemical properties, have become a popular tool in cancer diagnosis and therapy. They are considered one of the most promising nanomaterials with the capability of both detecting the cancerous cells and delivering drugs or small therapeutic molecules to these cells

Because of the unique structure, extremely high specific surface area to-volume ratio enable them to use in an intense real time applications such as detection and treatment of cancerous cells, nervous disorders, tissue repair. and excellent electrical and mechanical properties carbon nanotubes composed of excellent mechanical strength, electrical and thermal conductivities makes them a suitable substance toward developing medical devices., CNTs have been explored in almost every single cancer treatment modality, including drug delivery with small nanomolecules, lymphatic targeted chemotherapy, thermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and gene therapy and demonstrate a great promise in their use in targeted drug delivery systems, diagnostic techniques and in bio-analytical applications. Majority of the biomedical applications of CNTs must be used after successful functionalization for more potential applications than pristine CNTs. There are several approaches to modify pristine CNTs to potentially active. CNTs poised into the human life and exploited in medical context. Here in, we reviewed the following topics (i) Functionalization of CNTs (ii) CNTs in real time applications such as drug delivery, gene therapy, biosensors and bio imaging; (iii) CNTs 3D printed scaffolds for medicine and (iv) Biocompatability and Biodegradability.

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were synthesized using the high-pressure carbon monoxide disproportionation process (HiPCO). The SWCNT diameter, diameter distribution and yield can be varied depending on the process parameters. The obtained HiPCO product present an iron nanoparticle encapsulated heteronanocarbon (core-shell nanoparticles) at low pressure (1 bar) after removing of iron metal catalyst nanoparticle and amorphous carbon by acid immersion and oxidation. The resulting therapeutic molecule in the form of core-shell nanoparticles and single walled carbon nanotubes after functionalization by filling of iron can be use as therapeutic nanomaterials in nanomedicine in diagnosis and treatment of cancer tumor. This paper describes the synthesis method and role of multifunctional nanoparticle in diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide basic information on nanoparticles, describe previously developed methods to functionalize nanoparticles and discuss their potential applications in nanobiomedical and mention the therapeutic nanoparticle large scale production and commercialization challenges. In the final part of the review, emphasis is given on the pharmacokinetic aspects of carbon nanotubes including administration routes, absorption mechanisms, distribution and elimination of carbon nanotubes based systems. Lastly, a comprehensive account about the potential biomedical applications has been given followed by insights into the future carbon nanotubes from synthesis to in vivo biomedical applications.

Biography:

Shiravan Afraz has completed his bachelor degree at the age of 22 years from Shahid Beheshti University and masters degree from Imam Khomeini International University. He has published 4 papers in reputed journals. He looks to scientific issues from different point of view, since he has worked in chemical, water treatment, pharmacutical and IVD industries for more than 15 years in R&D, production, QC departments, and managment teams. He is a PhD candidate in Imam Khomeini International University now.

Abstract:

Smart theranostics platform which have the ability of target drug delivery, are highly suitable systems for monitoring drug delivery, drug release, and drug efficacy. Theranostic systems successfully bring the diagnostics and therapeutics onto a single platform together. These developments have had a major impact on cancer therapy and nanomedicine and future developments can be expected. The aim of this research is designing and developing a smart theranostics platform including a smart hydrogel as a polymeric support, and a biosensor, and also imaging, and therapeutic agents. The biosensor consists of glucose oxidase (GOX) and graphen quantum dots (GQDs) which play the role of bioreceptor and fluorescence transducer, respectively. Interestingly, GOX and GQDs have other tasks. GQDs are the imaging agent, and GOX catalyze the glucose in tumor region into the hydrogen peroxide. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) which are encapsulated into the hydrogel network together with GOX, act as therapeutic agents. The hydrogen peroxide produced by GOX is then catalyzed by the MNPs via Fenton-like reactions to produce highly toxic hydroxyl radicals, which could lead to tumor apoptosis and death. GQDs were prepared via one-step hydrothermal treatment and encapsulated into the hydrogel network by physical entrapment. Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were prepared in the polymeric hydrogel by co-precipitation method. GOX was also loaded into the hydrogel by swelling-diffusion method.

Biography:

Gabriela Morón is a Pharmaceutical Chemistry graduated from the Faculty of Science of the Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University. He has won the Prize for Innovation in Pharmaceutical Technology awarded by the Association of National Pharmaceutical Industries from 2015 to 2016. Currently, he works in the Cosmetic Industry as Technical Director and is pursuing a specialization in Lean Six Sigma Black Belt by the University of the Pacific.

 

Abstract:

Introduction: Candida sp species are fungal pathogens that affect patients with risk pathologies. Due to the change in their conventional drug susceptibility patterns, it is necessary to investigate therapeutic alternatives. It is proposed to evaluate the antifungal potential of nitric oxide (NO), by administering it in the donor s-nitrosomercaptosuccinic acid (MSA-NO), encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles (Np) to improve its bioavailability and inhibit the growth of Candida albicans, glabrata, krusei and parapsilosis.

Methods: Three batches of nanoparticles loaded with mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA-Np) were synthesized by ionic gelation. The effective particle diameter and polydispersity index were analyzed by dynamic light scattering and encapsulation efficiency by the Ellman reaction. After adding NaNO₂, MSA-NO Np. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against species of Candida sp. iwas determined by microdilution and the NO release profile was estimated by UV spectrophotometry.

Results: The MSA Np presented optimal values of effective particle diameter (241.69 ± 18.95 nm), polydispersity index (0.274 ± 0.015) and encapsulation efficiency (97.52 ± 0.07%). The MIC values of C. glabrata and C. albicans were 0.28 mg / mL and 2.25 mg / mL, respectively. The lowest CMI corresponded to C. krusei while C. albicans was the least susceptible to NO. The results did not vary significantly batch to batch.

Conclusions: A procedure of synthesis of MSA-NO Np with antifungal activity on Candida sp was validated. The antifungal potency varied according to the species. The chitosan of MSA-NO Np was useful as a polymer matrix for NO controlled release.

Biography:

Dr. A C MATIN is Professor at Stanford University School of Medicine His current Stanford academic appointments are as follows: He is a Professor in Microbiology and Immunology: Department of Microbiology and Immunology Cancer Institute Program in Genetic and Molecular Medicine Aortic Vulvular and Vascular Biology Cardiovascular Institute Institute for Immunity Transplantation and Infection BioX Program Woods Environmental Institute He is in the editorial board of five journals member and chair of several NIH review panels.

Abstract:

Chemotherapy with no or minimal side effects is an urgent need. One means of attaining it is through gene-delivered prodrug therapies (GDEPTs). Prodrugs are harmless until activated by a bacterial or viral gene product; they can kill tumors without side effects if the activating gene is specifically delivered to cancer. Previous GDEPT approaches have been hampered from low gene delivery and duration of expression; insufficient bystander effect; use of viruses as gene delivery vehicles; and the need to inject the gene directly into the tumor – the latter minimizes GDEPT applicability, since many cancers, particularly cancer metastases, are not amenable to direct gene injection. My collaborators and I have addressed these problems. The use of the prodrug CNOB (C16H7CIN2O4) that we discovered facilitated this because its activated drug MCHB (C16H9CIN2O2) can be quantitatively visualized in living mice; and by using exosomes (EVs) for gene delivery. Recently, we have enhanced the clinical transfer prospect of this approach by:

(i) use of the prodrug CB1954 (tretazicar) for which safe human dose is established, and our humanizes and improved bacterial enzyme, HChrR6; (ii) using HChrR6 mRNA instead of DNA for gene delivery; and (iii) loading the EVs with in vitro transcribed HChrR6 mRNA without using potentially harmful plasmids. This loading required several steps. mRNA being unstable, we ensured its functionality for tretazicar activation at each step. Besides tretazicar, HChrR6 can convert CNOB into MCHB, which is easily visualizable through its fluorescence. This enabled us to ascertain HChrR6 mRNA translated product’s competence for tretazicar activation by monitoring its ability to generate fluorescence from CNOB. Systemic administration of the loaded EVs that displayed an anti-HER2 single-chain variable fragment and that of tretazicar arrested human HER2+ breast cancer xenografts in athymic mice. This occurred without injury to other organs. This, along with the elimination of the need for direct gene injection into the tumor, moves GDEPT closer to clinical transfer. This approach can treat any disease in which a receptor/ligand is overexpressed.

Biography:

Dr.Subash is an academic veteran, technocrat cum avid researcher. He is currently a Full time professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics  Engineering & Dean, Academic & Research of Mangalam College of Engineering, Kottayam, Kerala. He is the active senior member of IEEE and Founding Chairman of IEEE Photonics Society Madras Chapter since September 2015. He completed his Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics and Communication Engineering and Master of Engineering in Embedded System Technologies from Anna University, India in the year 2008 and 2011 respectively. He completed his PhD in Nanoelectronics from Anna University, Chennai in the year 2016. He enjoys teaching and research. He has 46 publications in International and National Journals and 28 papers in International and National Conferences in the area of Nanoelectronics, Nanoscale Device Modelling, Nanotechnology and Wireless Sensor Networks. He also filed 4 patents to his credit. He is the recognized research supervisor of Anna University, Chennai and APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, Kerala.   He serves as the active member of Editorial board/ reviewer board of various international Journals. Dr.Subash has been invited to deliver more than 30 keynote speeches and invited talks across the world. He has also been active in professional bodies.

Abstract:

Electronics started in early 1900’s with the invention of vacuum tubes. This was a great technological revolution. Then, the next technological evolution started in early 1970’s by the invention of microelectronics or integrated circuits composed of huge number of tiny MOSFETs with micrometer size. The performance and cost of the IC per function have unbelievably improved by the continuous miniaturization of the MOSFETs. Now, the microelectronics have evolved to the nanoelectronics and micro-nano-electronics is the base of smart society for today and near-future, which is characterized by internet, IoT, and AI. However, it is expected that the miniaturization will reach its limit within 10 years, because of several reasons. Then, what about the development of integrated circuits or integrated devices  technologies after the end of miniaturization? Integrated circuits miniaturization technologies for logic and memory will diffuse and diverse to various kinds of devices such as power, photovoltaic, sensor, energy storage etc, in the coming IoT, 5/6G and AI era. In near future, many different kinds of devices will be integrated or connected on-chip, in package, or by wired/wireless networks, and will form integrated devices for smart system suitable for that era. The introduction of new materials will be more active as well as the miniaturization of the various kinds of devices.

Biography:

Hitoshi Tabata received his PhD in 1993 from Osaka University. He was a Professor of Nano- science and Nano-technology Center at Osaka University from 2002 to 2006. After 2006, he became a Professor at The University of Tokyo. He is Vice Chair of Department of Bioengineering and Director of International Center for Nano Electron and Photon Technology. He has published more than 200 papers in reputed journals and has been a Fellow of Japan Society of Applied Physics.

Abstract:

Iron oxides are environmental and human-friendly materials. They show various electrical, optical and magnetic properties. Highly spin polarized electron conductivities and unique photovoltaic behaviors are reported in a view point of spintronics technology. The efficient use of solar energy is now one of the great challenges in science and technology. In these days, variety materials have been investigated for use as photo-anodes for water-splitting by sunlight. Among these materials, ferrite oxide such as Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 are regarded as a promising system because of their probabilities of bandgap engineering, which lie well within the visible-IR spectrum, as well as their low costs, electrochemical stabilities and environmental compatibilities. Therefore, a considerable number of studies have been performed on the photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of α-Fe2O3. We have demonstrated that enhanced photocurrent in Rh-substituted α-Fe2O3 thin films are grown by a pulsed laser deposition. The Rh-substituted and V-substituted α-Fe2O3 films were grown on α-Al2O3 (110) substrates with a Ta-doped SnO2 electrode layer by pulsed laser deposition. The optical absorption spectra of the films indicate narrowing of the bandgap with increasing Rh and/or V content. Consequently, the photoelectrochemical performance was improved in the Rh, V-substituted films. We found that the optimum Rh content lies at around x=0.2, where the photocurrent is significantly enhanced over a wavelength range of 340–900 nm. The findings of this research are expected to be useful in the development of the solar fuel conversion systems based on α-Fe2O3.