39^th Global Summit on Nanoscience and Technology April 25-26, 2022 Tokyo, Japan

Biography:

Dr Adiguzel graduated from Department of Physics, Ankara University, Turkey in 1974 and received PhD- degree from Dicle University, Diyarbakir-Turkey. He has studied at Surrey University, Guildford, UK, as a post-doctoral research scientist in 1986-1987, and studied on shape memory alloys. He worked as research assistant, 1975-80, at Dicle University and shifted to Firat University, Elazig, Turkey in 1980. He became professor in 1996, and he has already been working as professor. He published over 80 papers in international and national journals; He joined over 100 conferences and symposia in international and national level as participant, invited speaker or keynote speaker with contributions of oral or poster. He served the program chair or conference chair/co-chair in some of these activities. In particular, he joined in last seven years (2014 - 2020) over 70 conferences as Keynote Speaker and Conference Co-Chair organized by different companies.  He supervised 5 PhD- theses and 3 M.Sc- theses. Dr. Adiguzel served his directorate of Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Firat University, in 1999-2004. He received a certificate awarded to him and his experimental group in recognition of significant contribution of 2 patterns to the Powder Diffraction File – Release 2000. The ICDD (International Centre for Diffraction Data) also appreciates cooperation of his group and interest in Powder Diffraction File

Abstract:

Shape memory alloys take place in a class of smart materials by exhibiting a peculiar property called shape memory effect. This property is characterized by the recoverability of two certain shapes of material at different temperatures. These materials are often called smart materials with the functionality and capacity of responding to changes in the environment. These materials are used as shape memory devices in many interdisciplinary fields such as medicine, bioengineering, metallurgy, building industry and many engineering fields. Shape memory effect is initiated by cooling and deformation, and performed thermally by heating, and this behavior is called thermoelasticity.  This phenomenon is based on lattice reactions, called martensitic transformation, and this transformation is characterized by changes in the crystal structure of the material. This is plastic deformation; strain energy is stored after releasing and released on heating by recovering the original shape of material. These alloys are mainly used as deformation absorbent materials in control of civil structures subjected to seismic events, due to the absorbance of strain energy during any disaster or earthquake. These alloys exhibit another property, called superelasticity performed by stressing and releasing the material in parent phase region. Loading and unloading paths are different in stress strain diagram, and cycling loop refers to the energy dissipation. Thermal induced martensitic transformation occurs on cooling along with lattice twinning with cooperative movements of atoms by means of lattice invariant shear, which occurs in two opposite directions, <110 > -type directions on the {110} - type planes of austenite matrix. Ordered parent phase structures turn into twinned martensite structures with thermal induced transformation, and the twinned structures turn into the detwinned structures by means of stress induced martensitic transformation by stressing the material in the martensitic condition.  

Copper based alloys exhibit this property in metastable β-phase region, which has bcc-based structures at high temperature parent phase field.  Lattice invariant shear and twinning is not uniform in copper based ternary alloys and gives rise to the formation of complex layered structures, depending on the stacking sequences on the close-packed planes of the ordered parent phase lattice.

In the present contribution, x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies were carried out on two copper based CuAlMn and CuZnAl alloys. X-ray diffraction profiles and electron diffraction patterns reveal that both alloys exhibit super lattice reflections inherited from parent phase due to the displacive character of martensitic transformation. X-ray diffractograms taken in a long-time interval show that diffraction angles and intensities of diffraction peaks change with the aging duration at room temperature. Especially, some of the successive peak pairs providing a special relation between Miller indices come close each other. This result refers to the rearrangement of atoms in diffusive manner.

Keywords: Shape memory effect, martensitic transformation, thermoelasticity, superelasticity, twinning and detwinning.

Biography:

Dr Khairul Habib works as a Senior Lecturer at Universiti technologi Petronas, Department of Mechanical Engineering.

Abstract:

In this research, a binary solution of ionic liquid (IL) + water based ionanofluids are formulated successfully with two dimensional MXene (Ti3C2) nano additives at three distinct concentrations of 0.05, 0.10 & 0.20 weight%. The layered structure of MXene and high absorbance of prepared nanofluids have been perceived by SEM and UVVis respectively. Rheometer and DSC are used to assess the viscosity and heat capacity respectively while transient hot wire technique is engaged for thermal conductivity measurement. After characterization of ionanofluids, a numerical study is executed in a PV/T solar system with optimum concentration of 0.20%. Maximum 47% improvement in thermal conductivity is observed for 0.20 wt% loading of MXene. Meanwhile, specific heat is noticed to rise consistently as temperature and concentration increase for each sample. More explicitly, as the temperature is increased from 25 to 60 ºC specific heat augments from 2.4 to 2.53 J/g.K for 0.20 wt% of Ti3C2. Furthermore, the viscosity rises from 2.69 to 2.99 mPa.s with addition of Ti3C2 by 0.05 wt%, while for 0.10 and 0.20 wt%, viscosity further increases to 3.01 and 3.06 mPa.s respectively. Conversely, viscosity decreases substantially as the temperature increases from 20 to 60 ºC. A comparative analysis in terms of heat transfer performance with three different nanofluids in PV/T system shows that, IL+ water/MXene ionanofluid exhibits highest thermal, electrical and overall heat transfer efficiency compared to water/alumina, palm oil/MXene and water alone. Maximum electrical efficiency and thermal efficiency are recorded as 13.95% and 81.15% respectively using IL + water/MXene, besides that, heat transfer coefficients are also noticed to increase by 12.6% and 2% when compared to water/alumina and palm oil/MXene respectively. In conclusion, it can be demonstrated that MXene dispersed ionanofluid might be great a prospect in the field of heat transfer applications since they can augment heat transfer rate considerably which improves system efficiency.

Biography:

Sergey Suchkov was born in the City of Astrakhan, Russia, in a family of dynasty medical doctors. In 1980, graduated from Astrakhan State Medical University and was awarded with MD. In 1985, Suchkov maintained his PhD as a PhD student of the I.M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy and Institute of Medical Enzymology. In 2001, Suchkov maintained his Doctor Degree at the National Institute of Immunology, Russia.

From 1989 through 1995, Dr Suchkov was being a Head of the Lab of Clinical Immunology, Helmholtz Eye Research Institute in Moscow. From 1995 through 2004 - a Chair of the Dept for Clinical Immunology, Moscow Clinical Research Institute (MONIKI). In 1993-1996, Dr Suchkov was a Secretary-in-Chief of the Editorial Board, Biomedical Science, an international journal published jointly by the USSR Academy of Sciences and the Royal Society of Chemistry, UK.

Abstract:

Traditionally a disease has been defined by its clinical presentation and observable characteristics, not by the underlying molecular mechanisms, pathways and systems biology-related processes specific to a particular patient (ignoring persons-at-risk). A new systems approach to subclinical and/or diseased states and wellness resulted in a new trend in the healthcare services, namely, personalized and precision medicine (PPM).

To achieve the implementation of PPM concept, it is necessary to create a fundamentally new strategy based upon the biomarkers and targets to have a unique impact for the implementation of PPM model into the daily clinical practice and pharma. In this sense, despite breakthroughs in research that have led to an increased understanding of PPM-based human disease, the translation of discoveries into therapies for patients has not kept pace with medical need. It would be extremely useful to integrate data harvesting from different databanks for applications such as prediction and personalization of further treatment to thus provide more tailored measures for the patients and persons-at-risk resulting in improved outcomes and more cost effective use of the latest health care resources including diagnostic (companion ones), preventive and therapeutic (targeted molecular and cellular) etc.

Translational researchers, bio-designers and manufacturers are beginning to realize the promise of PPM, translating to direct benefit to patients or persons-at-risk. For instance, companion diagnostics tools and targeted therapies and biomarkers represent important stakes for the pharma, in terms of market access, of return on investment and of image among the prescribers. At the same time, they probably represent only the generation of products resulting translational research and applications. So, developing medicines and predictive diagnostic tools requires changes to traditional clinical trial designs, as well as the use of innovative (adaptive) testing procedures that result in new types of data. Making the best use of those innovations and being ready to demonstrate results for regulatory bodies requires specialized knowledge that many clinical development teams don’t have. The areas where companies are most likely to encounter challenges, are data analysis and workforce expertise, biomarker and diagnostic test development, and cultural awareness. Navigating those complexities and ever-evolving technologies will pass regulatory muster and provide sufficient data for a successful launch of PPM, is a huge task. So, partnering and forming strategic alliances between researchers, bio-designers, clinicians, business, regulatory bodies and government can help ensure an optimal development program that leverages the Academia and industry experience and FDA’s new and evolving toolkit to speed our way to getting new tools into the innovative markets.

Healthcare is undergoing a transformation, and it is imperative to leverage new technologies to support the advent of PPM. This is the reason for developing global scientific, clinical, social, and educational projects in the area of PPM and TraMed  to elicit the content of the new trend. The latter would provide a unique platform for dialogue and collaboration among thought leaders and stakeholders in government, academia, industry, foundations, and disease and patient advocacy with an interest in improving the system of healthcare delivery on one hand and drug discovery, development, and translation, on the other one, whilst educating the policy community about issues where biomedical science and policy intersect.

Biography:

The research work on photocatalysis by Professor Ohtani started in 1981 when he was a Ph. D. course student in Kyoto University. Since then he has been studying photocatalysis and relatedtopics for more than 30 years and published more than 300 original papers (h-index: 72) and twosingle-author books. After gaining his Ph. D. degree from Kyoto University in 1985, he became anassistant professor in the university. In 1996, he was promoted to an associate professor inGraduate School of Science, Hokkaido University and was then awarded a full professor position inInstitute for Catalysis, Hokkaido University in 1998 and retired at the end of March 2022.

Abstract:

How can we design functional solid materials, such as catalysts and photocatalysts? What is the decisive structural parameters controlling their activities, performance or properties? What isobtained as structural properties by popular conventional analytical methods, such as X-raydiffraction (XRD) or nitrogen-adsorption measurement, is limited to bulk crystalline structure andspecific surface area, i.e., no structural characterization on amorphous phases, if present, andsurface structure has been made so far. This is because there have been no macroscopic analyticalmethods to give surface structural information including possibly-present amorphous phases.

Recently, we have developed reversed double-beam photoacoustic spectroscopy (RDB-PAS) whichenables measure energy-resolved distribution of electron traps (ERDT) for semiconductingmaterials such as metal oxides [1,2]. Those detected electron traps (ETs) seem to be predominantlylocated on the surface for almost all the metal oxide particles, and therefore they reflectmacroscopic surface structure, including amorphous phases, in ERDT patterns. Using an ERDTpattern with the data of CB bottom position (CBB), i.e., ERDT/CBB pattern, it has been shown thatmetal oxide powders, and the other semiconducting materials such as carbon nitride, can beidentified without using the other analytical data such as XRD patterns or specific surface area, andsimilarity/differentness of a pair of metal-oxide samples is quantitatively evaluated as degree ofcoincidence of ERDT/CBB patterns. An approach of material design based on the ERDT/CBBanalyses is introduced [3].[1] Chem. Commun. 2016, 52, 12096-12099. [2] Electrochim. Acta 2018, 264, 83-90. [3]Catal.Today 2019, 321-322, 2-8.

Biography:

Professor Raman Singh’s expertise includes: Alloy Nano/Microstructure-Corrosion Relationship, Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC),Corrosion/SCC of Biomaterials, CorrosionMitigation by Novel Material (e.g.,Graphene),Advanced and Environmentally FriendlyCoatings, High Temperature Corrosion.  He hassupervised 50 PhD students.  He has published over 250 peer-reviewed internationaljournal publications, 15 books/book chapters andover 100 reviewed conference publications.  Hisprofessional responsibilities include editor-in-chief of two journals, Fellow ASM Internationaland Engineers Australia, over 40 keynote/plenarytalks at international conferences (besidesnumerous invited talks), leadership (aschairperson) of a few international conferences.

Abstract:

Corrosion and its mitigation costs dearly (anydeveloped economy loses 3-4% of GDP dueto corrosion, which translates to ~$250b toannual loss USA). In spite of traditionalapproaches of corrosion mitigation (e.g., useof corrosion resistance alloys such asstainless steels and coatings), loss ofinfrastructure due to corrosion continues tobe a vexing problem. So, it is technologicallyas well as commercially attractive to exploredisruptive approaches for durablecorrosionresistance.

Graphene has triggered unprecedentedresearch excitement for its exceptionalcharacteristics. The most relevant propertiesof graphene as corrosion resistance barrierare its remarkable chemicalinertness,impermeability and toughness, i.e., the requirements of an ideal surface barriercoating for corrosion resistance. However,the extent of corrosion resistance has beenfound to vary considerably in differentstudies.

The author’s group hasdemonstrated an ultra-thin graphene coatingto improve corrosion resistance of copper bytwo orders of magnitude in an aggressivechloride solution (i.e., similar to sea-water). Incontrast, other reports suggest the graphenecoating to actually enhance corrosion rate ofcopper, particularly during extendedexposures. Authors group has investigatedthe reasons for such contrast in corrosionresistance due to graphene coating asreported by different researchers. On thebasis of the findings, author’s group hassucceeded in demonstration of durablecorrosion resistance as result of developmentof suitable graphene coating. Thepresentation will also assess the challengesin developing corrosion resistant graphenecoating on most common engineering alloys,such as mild steel, and presents resultsdemonstrating circumvention of thesechallenges

Biography:

Alexander G. Ramm is an American mathematician. His research focuses on differential and integral equations, operator theory, ill-posed and inverse problems, scattering theory, functional analysis, spectral theory, numerical analysis, theoretical electrical engineering, signal estimation, and tomography

Abstract:

The theory of wave scattering by many small impedance particles of arbitrary shapes is developed. The basic assumptions are: a d  λ, where a is the characteristic size of particles, d is the smallestdistance between the neighboring particles, λ is the wavelength.This theory allows one to give a recipe for creating materials witha desired refraction coefficient.

One can create material with negative refraction: the group velocity in this material is directed opposite to the phase velocity.One can create a material with a desired wave focusing property.Quantum-mechanical scattering by many potentials with smallsupports is considered.The theory presented in this talk is developed in [1]-[9].Practical realizations of this theory are discussed in [9].In [9] the problem of creating material with a desired refractioncoefficient is discussed in the case when the material is located inside a bounded closed connected surface on which the Dirichlet boundary condition is imposed.