Nanoscience and Technology

Nano composites and Multifunctional Materials

Nanocomposites are materials that combine nanoparticles with bulk materials to create new materials with enhanced properties. These composites leverage the unique characteristics of nanoparticles such as their high surface area, mechanical strength and electrical conductivity to improve the performance of the base material. Typically consist of a matrix material (polymer, metal, or ceramic) and nanofillers (nanotubes, nanofibers, nanoparticles, or nanoclays). Methods such as melt blending, solvent casting, in-situ polymerization and electrospinning are used to incorporate nanoparticles into the matrix. Multifunctional materials are engineered to perform multiple functions simultaneously, such as structural support, sensing, actuation, energy storage and thermal management. By integrating several functions into a single material, these advanced materials can lead to more efficient and compact systems. Techniques like layer-by-layer assembly, additive manufacturing, and hybridization are used to create multifunctional materials. Capable of repairing damage autonomously, extending the material's lifespan. Significantly improved properties over conventional materials, leading to better performance and longer life spans. By advancing the development of nanocomposites and multifunctional materials, researchers are creating materials that not only meet but exceed the demands of modern applications.